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37801A （） verb phrase is a main verb preceded by an auxiliary or auxiliaries and it may also contain modifiers.
37802A simple sentence is a sentence that comprises only one independent clause.
37803When a clause consists of only one construction of “subject+ predicate” it is a simple clause.
37804In terms of grammatical function, a clause can be independent or （）.
37805A full sentence is a sentence with an expressed （） and predicate.
37806In terms of grammatical form, a verb phrase can be finite or （）.
37807A word is composed of one or more than one （）.
37808There are also some combining forms that can be combined with each other to form a special kind of compound, called （） compound.
37809-dis in dislike is a prefix and is also a （） morpheme.
37810Morphemes that have full lexical meaning and can form a single word are called bound morphemes.
37811Hierarchy is one of the basic properties of a language.
37812假设存在两个相互独立的可加项A和B，如果A0，且B0，逻辑上（A+B）A，以及（A+B）B。结论：如果在实际观察中发现反例，则属于“不合理”。得出该结论所使用的方法是（）
37813According to the Relevance Theory, all Gricean maxims, including the CP itself, can be reduced to a single principle of relevance.
37814Which of the following is not a characteristic of conversational implicature?
37815X: Shall we get something for the kids?Y: Yes. But I veto I-C-E C-R-E-A-M.Y’s answer violates maxim of（）.
37816Conversational implicature is a part of（）.
37817X: Shall we get something for the kids?Y: Yes. But I veto C-A-N-D-Y. Y’s answer violates maxim of（）.
37818When somebody says “morning!”, we can ask a question like “What did he do?”. And the answer could be that he produced a sound, word or sentence. The act performed in this sense is called a（）act.
37819（）concerns the consequential effects of a locution upon the hearer. By telling somebody something the speaker may change the opinion of the hearer on something, or mislead him, or surprise him, or induce him to do something, etc. Whether or not these effe
37820The husband coming into the kitchen is a reaction to the（）act of the wife’s utterance in the living room “The kettIe is boiling.”
37821The meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-dependent.
37822A sentence is a（）concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.
37823We shall know a word by the company it keeps. This statement represents（）.
37824If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes a(n)（）.
37825Componential analysis is based on the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features or properties.
37826From a functional approach, the（）meaning of a language use refers to the expression of feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.
37827“It is hot.” is a no-place predication because it contains no argument.
37828In grammatical analysis, the sentence is taken to be the basic unit, but in semantic analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is predication, which is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence.
37829Relation between propositions by which A presupposes B, if for A to have a truth value, B must be true is called（）.
37830The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.
37831“Can I borrow your bike?”（）“You have a bike.”
37832“Semantics is the scientific study of meaning” is a（）.
37833What semantic relation do the following sentences have?a. My daughter likes reading.b. I have a daughter.
37834When a child uses “mummy” to refer to any woman, most probably his “mummy” means（）.
37835（）is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning. This approach is based on the belief that meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features or properties.
37836（）refers to the fact that the same one word may have more than one meaning. A word having more than one meaning is called polysemic word.
37837Radiation is a semantic Process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts, like the links of a chain, until there is no connection between the sense that is finally developed and the primary meaning.
37838（）refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.
37839The lower terms for a superordinate are（）.
37840（）refer to those kind of antonyms which are complementary to each other. That is, they divide up the whole of a semantic field completely. Not only the assertion of one means the denial of the other, the denial of one also means the assertion of the other
37841Which of the following is a pair of relational opposites?
37842（）is the first type of meaning recognized by Leech, which he defined as the logical, cognitive, or denotative content. In other words, it overlaps to a large extent with the notion of reference. But Leech also uses “sense” as a briefer term for this conce
37843From a functional approach, the（）meaning of a language use consists of what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.
37844（）means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world; it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
37845Behaviourists attempted to define the meaning of a language form as the situation in which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer.
37846（）is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.
37847Componential analysis is a method applied in the field of（）.
37848Which of the following type of grammatical construction is NOT a typical endocentric construction?
37849The syntactic function shows the relationship between a linguistic form and other parts of the linguistic pattern in which it is used.
37850（）construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head.
37851A grammar which consists of a set of statements or rules which specify which sequences of language are possible, and which impossible, is a（）grammar.
37852（）rules may change the syntactic representation of a sentence.
37853（）is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head.
37854Construction is the grammatical structure of a sentence or any smaller unit, represented by a set of elements and relations between elements.
37855（）refers to the analysis of a sentence in terms of its immediate constituents – word groups (or phrases), which are in turn analyzed into the immediate constituents of their own, and the process goes on until the ultimate constituents are reached.
37856Which of the following is a right-headed endocentric compound?
37857WH-movement is obligatory in English which changes a sentence from affirmative to interrogative.
37858Immediate Constituents Analysis is a way to dismantle a grammatical construction in（）.
37859Sentences are composed of sequence of words arranged in a simple linear order, with one adding onto another following a simple arithmetic logic.
37860What is actually internalized in the mind of a native speaker is a complete list of words and phrases rather than grammatical knowledge.
37861（）refers to a relation holding between elements replaced with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between one element　present and the others absent.
37862In a complex sentence, the two clauses hold unequal status, one subordinating the other.
37863Universally found in the grammars of all human languages, syntactic rules that comprise the system of internalized linguistic knowledge of a language speaker are known as linguistic competence.
37864A（）in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
37865“Invention” is a form of compounding, in which two words are blended by joining the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word, or by joining the initial parts of the two words.
37866A sentence is considered（）when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the mind of native speakers.
37867A morpheme, like a phoneme, is a linguistic abstraction, which must be realized as certain phonetic forms or variants in different phonetic environments.
37868（）refers to the base form of a word that cannot be further analyzed without loss of identity. That is to say, it is that part of the word that is left when all the affixes are removed.
37869Inflection shows a relationship between roots and affixes.
37870“Invention” is a form of compounding, in which two words are blended by joining the initial pan of the first word and the final part of the second word, or by joining the initial parts of the two words.
37871Blending is a relatively complex form of compounding.
37872（）refers to the base form of a word that cannot be further analyzed without loss of identity. That is to say, it is that part of the word that is left when all the affixes are removed. And（）can be further classified into free root morpheme and bound root
37873A morpheme, like a phoneme, is a linguistic abstraction, which must be realized as certain phonetic forms or variants in different phonetic environments. Each of the phonetic forms or variants is a morph. A single morpheme may be phonetically realized as
37874The morpheme “vision” in the word “television” is a(n)（）.
37875In today’s grammar we normally say that English does not have a “future tense”. This is because in English（）.
37876Which of the following is NOT a Suprasegmental feature?
37877In a syllable, a vowel often serves as（）.
37878A change that involves the insertion of a consonant or vowel sound to the middle of a word is known as（）.
37879The basic unit in phonology is called phoneme; it is a unit of（）. But it is an abstract unit. To be exact, a phoneme is not a sound; it is a collection of distinctive phonetic features.
37880Simultaneous or overlapping articulations, as when the nasal quality of a nasal sound affects the preceding or following sound so that the latter becomes nasalized. If the affected sound becomes more like the following sound, it is known as anticipatory（）
37881Distinctive features can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called（）.
37882Speech is a continuous process, so the vocal organs do not move from one sound segment to the next in a series of separate steps.
37883Aspiration is a distinctive feature in English.
37884When we use a simple set of symbols in our transcription, it is called a（）.
37885The fact that the vowel in lamb has some quality of the following nasal is a phenomenon we call（）.
37886In producing a nasal the soft palate is lowered to allow airflow through the（）.
37887Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.
37888When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a phonemic contrast.
37889The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones（）.
37890The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the（）of that phoneme.
37891A(n)（）is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features.
37892Vowels are sounds produced without obstruction, so no turbulence or a total stopping of the air can be perceived.
37893According to the manner of articulation, [s] is a alveolar.
37894Which of the following sounds is a palatal?
37895（）s are sounds produced without obstruction, so no turbulence or a total stopping of the air can be perceived.
37896A（）vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.
37897（）can be differentiated by a number of factors: the position of tongue in the mouth, the openness of the mouth, the shape of the lips, and the length of the vowels.
37898/d/ is a voiced alveolar stop.
37899According to the manner of articulation, [s] is a fricative.
37900Which of the following sounds is a bilabial?（）.
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