智慧树知到《英语语言学2》章节测试答案

智慧树知到《英语语言学2》章节测试答案
第一章单元测试
1、Linguistics studies particular language， not languages in general.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
2、Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive， but sometimes descriptive.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
3、Language is used to record the facts， which is the informative function of language， also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
4、Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
5、If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use， it is said to be（）.
A.analytic
B.linguistic
C.descriptive
D.prescriptive
正确答案：descriptive
6、Which of the following is not a design feature of human language？
A.Arbitrariness
B.Duality
C.Meaningfulness
D.Displacement
正确答案：Meaningfulness
7、Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between（）and meanings.
A.sounds
B.ideas
C.objects
D.sense
正确答案：sounds
8、Saussure took a（n）（）view of language， while Chomsky looks at language from a（）point of view.
A.sociological…psychological
B.semantic…linguistic
C.psychological…sociological
D.applied…pragmatic
正确答案：sociological…psychological
9、According to Jakobson，（）are the functions of language？
A.metalingual
B.conative
C.interpersonal
D.referential
正确答案：metalingual；conative；referential
10、Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics？
A.Morphology
B.phonetics
C.psycholinguistics
D.Semantics
正确答案：Morphology；phonetics；Semantics
第二章单元测试
1、Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
2、Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
3、What is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology？
A.Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds， while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
B.Phonetics is mostly concerned with the production of vowels and consonants， while phonology is more about phenomena such as tone.
C.Phonetics is concerned with historical data， whereas phonology is concerned with how language is actually spoken.
D.Phonetics is the more general discipline concerned with all kinds of sounds， whereas phonology is specifically concerned with modern experimental methodologies.
正确答案：Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds， while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
4、Question：Which of the following sounds is velar ？
A.r
B.s
C.p
D.
A.g
E.h
正确答案：A.
g
5、Which of the following sounds is not alveolar？
A.d
B.t
C.f
D.s
正确答案：f
6、Would it be useful to compare German and English when trying to establish how English was spoken in the past？
A.Yes， because they have a spelling that is very similar.
B.Yes， because all languages were pronounced in similar ways in the more distant past.
C.No， because English is an older language than German.
D.Yes， because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
E.Yes， because German is an older language than English.
F.No， because there is no archeological record about the relationship between the two languages.
正确答案：Yes， because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
7、In German， the word '；Kind'；（child） has the plural form Kind-er.In the letter d is actually pronounced as [t]， but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d].Which phonological feature is involved in this alternation？
A.Manner of articulation
B.Sonorant
C.Place of articulation
D.Velar
E.Voice
正确答案：Voice
8、English and German have relatively large vowel inventories.What reason does the discussion provide for this？
A.These languages are relatively old and had more time to develop the vowel inventory.
B.These languages have a long writing tradition， influencing the number of vowels that can be expresseD.C.Earlier distinctions between long and short vowels developed into vowel quality contrasts in these languages.
D.Because of extensive language contact， these languages borrowed vowels from each other.
E.These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages， and need more differences between vowels.
正确答案：These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages， and need more differences between vowels.
9、How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition？
A.Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
B.Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
C.Children become gradually aware of features.
D.Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
E.Children do not acquire sounds， but rather features.
正确答案：Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
Children become gradually aware of features.
Children do not acquire sounds， but rather features.
10、Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds？ Please check all that apply.
A.Height of articulation
B.Place of articulation
C.Restructuring
D.Structure of articulation
E.Manner of articulation
F.Voicing
正确答案：Place of articulation；Manner of articulation；Voicing
第三章单元测试
1、Nouns， verbs and adjectives can be classified as（）.
A.grammatical words
B.form words
C.function words
D.lexical words
正确答案：lexical words
2、Morphemes that represent tense， number， gender and case are called（）morpheme.
A.inflectional
B.derivational
C.free
D.bound
正确答案：inflectional
3、（）is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old worD.
A.back-formation
B.affixation
C.insertion
D.addition
正确答案：back-formation
4、The stem of the word “disagreements” is（）.
A.agreement
B.disagreements
C.disagreement
D.agree
正确答案：disagreement
5、All of them are meaningful except for（）.
A.phoneme
B.allomorph
C.morpheme
D.lexeme
正确答案：phoneme
6、“Fore” in “foretell”isbothaprefixandaboundmorpheme.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
7、Thewords “whimper”， “whisper”and “whistle”areformedinthewayofonomatopoeia.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
8、Inmostcases，thenumberofsyllablesofawordcorrespondstothenumberofmorphemes.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
9、Back-formationisaproductivewayofword-formation.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
10、Inflectionisaparticularwayofword-formation.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
第四章单元测试
1、Prase structure rules have（）properties.
A.social
B.functional
C.recursive
D.grammatical
正确答案：recursive
2、Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageare（）innumber.
A.finite
B.large
C.small
D.infinite
正确答案：finite
3、The（）rulesaretherulesthatgroupwordsandphrasestoformgrammaticalsentences.
A.morphological
B.combinational
C.lexical
D.linguistic
正确答案：combinational
4、Asentenceisconsidered（）whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.
A.grammatical
B.right
C.wrong
D.ungrammatical
正确答案：ungrammatical
5、A（）intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthatintroducestheembeddedclause.
A.particle
B.subordinator
C.preposition
D.coordinator
正确答案：subordinator
6、An（）can further be divided into two types：subordination and coordination.
A.endocentric construction
B.exocentric construction
C.immediate constituent
D.ultimate constituent
正确答案：endocentric construction
7、What is the construction of the sentence “The boy smiled”？
A.Endocentric
B.Coordinate
C.Exocentric
D.Subordinate
正确答案：Exocentric
8、Theheadofthephrase“behind the door”is（）.。
A.door
B.none
C.the door
D.behind
正确答案：none
9、Thephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto（）construction.
A.subordinate
B.endocentric
C.coordinate
D.exocentric
正确答案：exocentric
10、Thesentence“Theywerewantedtoremainquietandnottoexposethemselves.”isa（）sentence.
A.simple
B.complex
C.coordinate
D.compound
正确答案：simple
第五章单元测试
1、Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
2、In semantics， meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experience.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
3、The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
4、Most languages have sets of lexical items similar in meaning but ranked differently according to their degree of formality.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
5、（）is not one of seven types of meaning advanced by Geoffrey Leech.
A.connotative meaning
B.derogatory meaning
C.reflected meaning
D.affective meaning
正确答案：derogatory meaning
6、Words that are close in meaning are called（）.
A.homonyms
B.hyponyms
C.synonyms
D.polysemy
正确答案：synonyms
7、（）is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components， called semantic features.
A.Grammatical analysis
B.Predication analysis
C.Phonemic analysis
D.Componential analysis
正确答案：Componential analysis
8、“teacher” and “student” are（）.
A.complementary antonyms
B.relational opposites
C.gradable antonyms
D.converse antonyms
正确答案：converse antonyms
9、（）deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
A.Reference
B.Concept
C.Semantics
D.Sense
正确答案：Reference
10、“John killed Bill”（）“Bill didn’t die.”
A.entails
B.presupposes
C.is synonymous with
D.is inconsistent with
正确答案：is inconsistent with
第六章单元测试
1、It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language use was left unconsidereD.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
2、What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considereD.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：正确
3、Utterances always take the form of complete sentences.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
4、Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
5、Perlocutionary act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention.。
A.正确
B.错误
正确答案：错误
6、The meaning of language was considered as something（）in traditional semantics.
A.logical
B.behaviouristic
C.contextual
D.intrinsic
正确答案：intrinsic
7、A sentence is a（）concept， and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.
A.mental
B.grammatical
C.pragmatic
D.conceptual
正确答案：grammatical
8、（）is the act performed by or resulting from saying something； it is the consequence of， or the change brought about by the utterance.
A.An illocutionary act
B.A perlocutionary act
C.A performative act
D.A locutionary act
正确答案：A perlocutionary act
9、（）is advanced by Paul Grice.
A.Politeness Principle
B.Cooperative Principle
C.The General Principle of Universal Grammar
D.Adjacency Principle
正确答案：Cooperative Principle
10、When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted，（）might arise.
A.impoliteness
B.mutual understanding
C.conversational implicatures
D.contradictions
正确答案：conversational implicatures