首页 › 答案 › 标签 › 物流基础

物流基础

101集装箱运输是以集装箱为集合包装(Package)和运输单位(Unit)进行货物运输的一种现代化运输方式。Container transport is a modern mode of transport in which the container is the Package and the transport Unit
102国际标准集装箱的内容积可小于1 立方米。The volume of international standard container can be less than 1 cubic meter
10320英尺通用集装箱被定义为国际标准箱单位。A 20GP is defined as an international standard container unit
10440英尺通用集装箱一般可装22吨货物。A 40GP can normally hold 22 tons of cargo
10540英尺的高箱箱高有8英尺6英寸。The height of 40HQ is 8 feet 6 inches tall
106敞顶集装箱，是一种没有刚性箱顶的特殊结构集装箱 Open top container is a special structure container without rigid top
107冷藏集装箱造价较高，但营运费用较低。Reefer containers cost more but cost less to operate
108散货集装箱在箱顶部设有2～3个装货口。There are 2 ~ 3 loading ports on the top of bulk containers
109可以通过ISO CODE看出集装箱的尺寸大小。The size of container can be seen by ISO CODE
110集装箱的顺序号有5位数。The serial number of the container has 5 digits
111用专用运输设备和工具，将物品从一个地点向另一地点运送的物流活动。Transportation refers to the logistics of moving items from one location to another using specialized transportation equipment and tools
112运输仅承担物品移动的功能。Transportation only performs the function of moving items
113运输是社会物质生产的必要条件之一。Transportation is one of the necessary conditions for social material production
114运输的规模经济可以随装运规模的增长，使单位重量的运输成本降低。Economies of scale in transportation can increase with the size of shipments, resulting in lower transportation costs per unit weight
115每单位距离的运输成本随距离的增加而增加。Transport cost per unit of distance increases with distance
116运输的主要运输方式有公路运输、铁路运输、航空运输、水路运输和管道运输。 The main modes of transport are road transport, railway transport, air transport, water transport and pipeline transport
117物流运输中的公路运输专指汽车货物运输。而用畜力车、人力车的都不属于公路运输。 Road transportation in logistics transportation refers to the transportation of goods by automobile And the use of animal rickshaw, rickshaw do not belong to the road transport
118铁路运输运行平稳，安全可靠。Railway transportation is stable, safe and reliable
119航空运输只适宜长途旅客运输和体积小、价值高的物资，鲜活产品及邮件等货物运输。 Air transport is only suitable for long-distance passenger transport and the transportation of goods such as small size and high value materials, fresh products and mail
120水路运输受自然条件影响较小。Water transport is less affected by natural conditions
121仓库中的分配是指组合各种不同的产品转售给特定的客户。Assorting in warehousing refers to building up a variety of different products for resale to particular customer
122私人仓库由使用仓库的公司拥有或长期租用。Private warehouses are owned or occupied on a long-term lease by the firm using them
123关于公共仓储，合同仓储禁止公司专注于其核心竞争力。With respect to the public warehousing, contract warehousing forbids a company focusing on its core competencies
124仓库强调产品的存储，其主要目的是最大限度地利用可用的存储空间，与配送中心相同。Warehouses emphasize the storage of products, and their primary purpose is to maximize usage of available storage space, which is the same as distribution center
125仓储是公司物流系统的一部分，用于在产地和消费地之间储存产品。Warehousing is the part of a firms logistics systems that stores products at and between points of origin and points of consumption
126仓库主管通知仓管员和搬运工根据入库计划准备入库资源。The warehouse supervisor informs the warehouse keeper and the porter to prepare the resources for storage according to the warehousing plan
127害虫在仓库中是后方饲养的，因此在商品维护中是一项不太重要的工作。Pest is rear in warehouse, so it is a less a very important work in commodity maintenance
128入库五检要核对货物名称、规格、包装、件数、重量。5 checks in warehousing needs to check name of the goods, specifications, packaging, number of pieces and weight
129及时更改和更新是存储管理的原则之一。Timely change and update is one of the principles of storage management
130仓库外货物原包装符合运输部门或用户要求的，应当重新进行包装。If the original packaging of goods out of the warehouse meets the requirements of the transportation department or users, the packaging shall be carried out again
131（）配送作业难度较大,技术要求高,使用的设备复杂,操作要求严格,需要管理制度和周密的计划进行协调
132用于支持配送的货物储备的两种具体形态是（）
133汽车整车装配厂一般要求零部件生产企业采用（）方式向其生产线供货
134（）是配送活动的核心,也是备货和理货工序的延伸
135在集团配送模式下,通常都是采用定时,定量方式和（）等方式来满足用户的生产需要的
136随着配送货物数量的增加,配送中心除了自己直接配送外,还采取了（）的配送策略
137（）以来,配送在我国被证明为一种非常好的物流方式,在很多大城市建立了配送中心
138从本质上看,销售型配送中心所从事的各种物流活动是服务于商品（）的
139配送中心是专门从事货物配送活动的经济组织它又是集加工,理货,（）等多种职能于一体的物流结点
140出货(或送货)流程这是配送中心的末端作业,也是整个配送流程中的一个重要环节它包括（）两项经济活动
141由原材料供应商、制造商、批发商、零售商和最终消费者组成的供需网络。The supply and demand network composed of raw material suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers and final consumers
142供应链只包含信息流和物流。Supply chain contains only contains information flow and logistics flow
143供应链中的核心企业必须是制造商。The core enterprises in supply chain must be the manufacturer
144供应链的每个节点都是供应链中不可或缺的参与者。Each node of the supply chain is an indispensable participant in the supply chain
145供应链由所有的节点企业组成，其中一般都有一个核心企业。The supply chain is composed of all the jointed nodal enterprises, among which there is generally a core enterprise
146外部供应链是供需网络中的供应商、制造商、运输供应商、零售商、最终消费者，参与企业相关产品的生产和流通。External Supply Chain the supply and demand network suppliers, manufacturers, transportation providers, retailers, final consumers, involved in the production and circulation of enterprise-related product
147响应式供应链需要尽可能缩短交货期。Responsive supply chain need to shorten lead time as much as possible
148推动供应链是由消费者触发的。Push supply chain is triggered by consumers
149当市场急剧变化，导致供应链成本、库存和浪费增加时，企业并没有处于最优的经营状态，而是供应链处于一种倾斜状态，称为不平衡供应链。when the market changes sharply, resulting in the increase of supply chain cost, inventory and waste, the enterprise does not operate in an optimal state, but the supply chain is in an incline
150高效率的供应链创造高回报，并减少整个供应链的库存。Efficiency supply chain creates high returns and minimize inventory throughout the supply chain
151供应链管理主要包括供应、进度计划、物流和需求。Supply chain management mainly includes supply, schedule plan, logistics and demand
152供应链管理以本公司成本最低为最终目标。The ultimate goal of supply chain management is to minimize the companys cost
153传统管理模式要求供应商与其共担风险。Traditional management mode requires the supplier to share the risk with it
154供应链管理需要对战略性供应商和用户合作伙伴关系管理。Supply chain management requires strategic supplier and user partnership management
155供应链管理的关键是需要采用集成的思想和方法，而不仅是节点企业资源的简单连接。The key to supply chain management is the need to adopt integrated ideas and methods, not just simple connections of nodal enterprise resources
156供应链风险来自市场需求的不稳定因素等。Supply chain risks come from unstable factors of market demand, etc
157控制在供应链风险管理中是指对风险采取躲闪、回避、放弃等办法，以降低或消除风险的侵害，减少或避免损失。Control method in supply chain risk management means avoiding, avoiding and giving up risks so as to reduce or eliminate the infringement of risks and reduce or avoid losses
158转移在供应链风险管理中是指从风险管理全局考虑所做出的局部牺牲，是被动的措施，往往由于对某项经营风险无法回避，或由于盈利的目的而需要冒险，所自愿地承担风险及其损失后果的方法。Transfer method in supply chain risk management is a partial sacrifice made from the overall consideration of risk management, which is a passive measure It is often a
159风险处理的目标是通过适当的措施把风险造成的后果控制在可预料或可承受的范围内，通过系统方法，根据风险的起因与后果对其进行连贯一致的处理。The goal of risk management is to control the consequences of risk in a predictable or tolerable range through appropriate measures, and to deal with risks coherently according to their ca
160风险管理的过程是动态的，风险是在不断变化的。The process of risk management is dynamic and risks are constantly changing
161采购不参与企业的经济活动。Procurement does not participate in the economic activities of the enterprise
162现代采购是指运用现代科学的采购技术和方法，实现采购目标。Modern procurement refers to the use of modern scientific procurement technology and methods to achieve procurement objectives
163业务洽谈一般是指不同的经济实体各方为了自身的经济利益和满足对方的需要，通过沟通、协商、妥协、合作、策略等各种方式，把可能的商机确定下来的活动过程。Business Negotiation generally refers to the process during which all parties of economic entities determine possible business opportunities through communication, negotiation, compr
164洽谈主要靠临场发挥，不需要前期准备。The negotiation mainly relies on improvisation, and no preparation is needed
165洽谈过程需要注意礼貌用语。Polite language should be paid attention to during the negotiation
166掌握洽谈技巧无法改变洽谈结果。Mastering negotiation skills cannot change negotiation results
167适当地应用模糊语言，能够让洽谈过程变得更加得体与严谨，提升沟通的准确可信度。The proper application of fuzzy language can make the negotiation process more appropriate and rigorous, and improve the accuracy and credibility of communication
168采购管理，就是指为保障企业物资供应而对企业采购进货活动所进行的管理活动。Procurement management refers to the management activities of purchasing and replenishment in order to ensure the supply of enterprise materials
169现代采购管理希望供应商越多越好。Modern purchasing management wants as many suppliers as possible
170企业和社会的责任已经成为企业的一个重要事项。Corporate and social responsibility has become an important issue for enterprises
171采购中的适时就是企业需要在最恰当的时候，购回生产所需物料，避免采购延迟或提前，造成断货或库存。Timing in procurement means that the enterprise needs to buy back the materials needed for production at the most appropriate time to avoid the delay or advance of procurement, resulting in shortage of goods
172现代采购建立的仓库规模越来越大。The warehouse scale established by modern procurement is getting larger and larger
173采购是一项重要的活动，与物流密切相关。Procurement is an important activity and closely related to logistics
174采购是从资源市场获取资源的过程，是商流过程和物流过程的统一。Procurement is the process of obtaining resources from the resource market, which is the unification of business flow process and logistics process
175采购的质量控制要延伸到供应商的质量过程中。Procurement quality control extends to the suppliers quality process
176Generalized international logistics refers to （）
177货物在国际物流节点停留、通过储存和储备来调节整个物流系统的运行体现的是国际物流节点的（） 。
178以存放货物为主要功能、国际货物停留时间最长的物流节点是（）。
179进口商品的包装是使用各种各样的材料或集装箱运输，所以要向特定的报检机构是（　）。
180交易一方向另一方提出有关的交易条件，并表示愿意按此条件与对方达成交易的肯定表示称为（）。
181类似羊毛、生丝这样的产品一般适合用计算商品重量的方法是（）。
182国际贸易按有无第三者参加可分为直接贸易、间接贸易和（）。
183独立于发货人和收货人之外，通过合同的方式确定回报，承担货主企业全部或部分物流活动的企业是（）。
184海洋运输中的运费吨（）。
185航次租船由谁负责船舶营运管理（） 。
186电子商务依赖于现代网络技术。E-commerce relies on modern network technology
187国际标准化组织认为电子商务是企业之间、企业与消费者之间信息内容与需求交换的一种通用术语。ISO defines e-commerce A generic term for the exchange of information content and requirements between enterprises and between enterprises and consumers
188物流是降低电子商务成本的重要途径。Logistics is an important way to reduce the cost of e-commerce
189电子商务改变了物流企业的竞争状态。E-commerce has changed the competitive state of logistics enterprises
190电子商务时代主要用支票进行支付。In the era of e-commerce, payment is mainly made by check
191电子商务模式是企业通过电子商务创造价值、获取利润的方式。E-commerce mode is a way for enterprises to create value and obtain profits through e-commerce
192B2B是企业与企业之间通过因特网进行产品、服务及信息的交换。B2B is the exchange of products, services and information between enterprises through the Internet
193B2B电子商务模式具备节省周转时间、扩大市场机会等优势。B2B e-commerce model has the advantages of saving turnaround time and expanding market opportunities
194B2C本质就是商业零售，直接面向消费者销售产品和服务。B2C is essentially commercial retail, selling products and services directly to consumers
195B2B与B2C在交易手续、支付方式等方面是一致的。B2B and B2C are consistent in terms of transaction procedures and payment methods
196C2B电子商务是指消费者通过互联网主动地与企业群体之间开展的一切商务活动。C2B e-commerce refers to all business activities that consumers actively carry out with enterprise groups through the Internet
197C2B模式需要消费者的自觉聚合。The C2B model requires conscious convergence of consumers
198C2B可以看作是B2C的反向过程，也可以看作是B2C和C2C的一个有效补充。C2B can be seen as a reverse process of B2C and an effective supplement to B2C and C2C
199一般情况下，C2C交易次数多，但每次交易的成交额较小。In general, the number of C2C transactions is large, but the transaction amount of each transaction is small
200O2O模式可以充分挖掘线下资源、消费行为更加易于统计。The O2O model can fully tap offline resources and make it easier to make statistics on consumption behavior
‹12›