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人工智能原理

7Examine some applicationsof artificial intelligence (AI) to discover which the following tasks can currently be solved by AI考察人工智能(AI)的一些应用，去发现目前下列哪些任务可以通过AI来解决

8Rationally means the property of a systemwhich does the right thing given what it （）理性指的是一个系统的属性，即在（）的环境下做正确的事。

9For the following comparisons, select which approaches are more general and more amenable to scientific development对于如下比拟，选择哪些方法更通用并且更适合于科学开发

10A rational agent is one that does the right thing, but what does it mean to do the right thing? Considering the consequences of the agent’s behavior, select the following true statements regarding the concept of right thing理性智能体指的是有正确行为的智能体，但正确的行为意味着什么？考

11PEAS is a task environment description which stands for:PEAS是一种任务环境描述，它代表：

12Which of the following statements are true about environment types for intelligent agents?下列中语句哪些与智能体环境类型有关

13Thinking the differences between gent functions and agent programs, select correct statements from following ones 考虑智能体函数与智能体程序的差异，从下列陈述中选择正确的答案

14Selectthe following true ways that can be used to represent states for an agent选择下列哪些方法可以用于表示智能体的状态

15The approach of artificial intelligence (AI) which epresents information through symbols and their relationships is （） AI, and which represents information in a distributed form within a network is Connectionist AI凭借符号及他们之间的关系来表征信息的人工智能方法是（）AI，而用网络内部的一种分

16An intelligent agent is anything that can be viewed as perceiving its environment through （）, and acting upon that environment through actuators

17There are two main kinds of formulation for 8-queens problem Which of the following items is such a formulation that starts with all 8 queens on the board and moves them around?有两种8皇后问题的形式化方式。初始时8个皇后都放在棋盘上，然后再进行移动是哪一种形式化方式？

18Let h(n) denote heuristic function and g(n) denote cost, the evaluation function　 f(n) used by Greedy search is:设h(n)表示启发式函数且g(n)表示代价，则贪婪搜索所使用的评价函数是

19Let h(n) denote heuristic function and g(n) denote cost, the evaluation functionf(n) used by A* search is: 设h(n)表示启发式函数且g(n)表示代价，则A*搜索所使用的评价函数是:

20Which of the following items are used to formulate a problem?下列哪些项用于对问题进行形式化

21Select which of the following search methods are true uninformed search选择如下哪些搜索方法属于无信息搜索

22The search strategies that use problem-specific knowledge beyond the definition of the problem itself are known as:除了问题本身的定义之外，使用问题特定知识的搜索策略被认为是

23Some　（） problems or NP-hard　problems can be solved only by search某些（）或NP难问题只能通过搜索来求解。

24Problem formulation is the process of deciding what （） and states to consider, given a goal问题形式化是给定一个目标，决定要考虑的（）与状态的处理。

25Keeping just one node in memory might seem to be an extreme reaction to the problem of memory limitations Local beam search keeps track of:在内存中仅保存一个节点似乎是对内存限制问题的极端反应。局部束搜索保持：

26A genetic algorithm is a variant of stochastic beam search, in which successor states are generated:遗传算法是随机束搜索的一个变体，其中后继节点的生成是由：

27Hill climbing search is sometimes called greedy local search because it grabs a good neighbor state without thinking ahead about where to go next Unfortunately, it often gets stuck for the three reasons:爬山搜索有时也被称为贪婪局部搜索，因为它只顾抓住一个好的邻接点的状态，而不提前思考下一步该去哪儿。它在

28Which of the following statements are true about Simulated annealing algorithm？以下关于模拟退火算法的陈述哪些是正确的？

29Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm was inspired by the behavior of ants seeking a path between （） and a source of food蚁群优化算法是受蚂蚁在（）和食物源之间寻找路径行为的启发而形成的。

30Inspired by social behavior of birds and fishes, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm uses a number of （） that constitute a swarm moving around in the search space looking for the best solution受鸟类和鱼类的社会行为的启发，粒子群优化算法采用若干（）构成一个围绕搜索空间移动的群体来寻找最优解。

31Local search algorithms operate using a single （） (rather than multiple paths) and generally move only to neighbors of that node局部搜索算法使用一个（）（而不是多条路径），并且通常仅移动到该节点相邻的节点。

32In addition to finding goals, local search algorithms are useful for solving pure （）, in which the aim is to find the best state according to an objective function除了寻找目标之外，局部搜索算法对解决纯（）也很有效。其目的是根据一个目标函数找到其最好的状态。

33Which of the following is a true statement about games?以下关于博弈的陈述哪个是正确的？

34（） describes a situation in which the interacting agents aggregate gains and losses can be less than or more than zero（）中智能体交互动作的总收益和损失可以小于或大于零

35Select the following true statements regarding the concept of minimax rule for a zero sum game从如下关于零和博弈maximum概念中选择正确的答案。

36Which of the following statements are true about alpha-beta pruning?以下关于alpha–beta剪枝的陈述哪些是正确的？

37Claude Shannon proposed instead that programs should cut off the search earlier and apply a （）evaluttion function to states in the search, effectively turning nonterminal nodes into terminal leaves克劳德·香农提出：程序应该早一些剪断搜索，并在搜索中对状态应用（）评价函数，有效地将非终端节点转换为终端叶节点。（

38（） is a dynamic game with probabilistic transitions played by one or more players（）是一种具有概率转换的动态博弈，有一个或多个玩家。（请填写中文答案）

39Monte-Carlo methods are a broad class of computational algorithms that rely on （） to obtain numerical results蒙特卡罗方法是一大类计算算法，它凭借（）来获得数值结果。（请填写中文答案）

40（） tree search is on the analysis of the most promising moves, expanding the search tree based on random sampling of the search space（）树搜索对最有利的动作进行分析，根据搜索空间的随机采样来扩展搜索树。（请填写中文答案）

41Select the following true one that is used to the state representation for constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs)从如下用于约束满足问题 (CSP)的状态表示中选择正确的答案。

42Assume that {A, B, C, D} are variables, the domain of each variable is {u, v, w},　and != denotes not equal, select which of the following expressions is a binary constraint on CSP formalism?设{A, B, C, D}为变量，每个变量的域是{u, v, w}，且!=表示不等于，从如下表达式中选择那个是CSP形式化的2

43Compare CSP and state-space search, and select correct statements from following ones 比较CSP和状态空间搜索，并从下列叙述中选择正确的答案。

44Which of the following statements are true types of types of local consistency for constraint propagation?如下陈述中哪些是约束传播局部一致性的正确类型？

45Select the following true statements regarding the concept of Backtracking search从如下有关回溯搜索概念中选择正确的答案。

46A constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is defined as a set of objects whose state must satisfy a number of （）约束满足问题 (CSP) 被定义为其状态必须满足若干（）的一组对象。

47In choosing a new value for a variable, min-conflicts heuristic is to select the value that results in the （） with other variables在对一个变量选择一个新值时，最小冲突启发式选择导致与其它变量呈现（）的值。

48To reduce a constraint graph to a tree structure, two approaches can be used that are （）and tree decomposition 为了简化约束图为树结构，有两种方法可以采用，即（）和树分解。

49Learned the differences between single-agent problem and multi-agent problem, select a correct one form following descriptions学习了单智能体问题和多智能体问题之间的区别后，从如下描述中选择正确的答案。

50Select the following correct features regarding classical planning选择如下有关经典规划的正确特征。

51Which of the following approaches are used for classical planning?下列方法中哪些可用于经典规划？

52Planners used in real world for planning and scheduling are more complex, so that select the following correct things which should be extend:现实世界中用于规划和调度的规划者更为复杂，因此选择以下哪些应该扩展。

53The characteristics of multi-agent are:多智能体的特征是：

54To simulate the flocking behavior of birds, the rules should consist of要仿真鸟群的群体行为，其规则应包括：

55There are two approaches to searching for a plan, one is （）　search, and the other is backward relevant-states search有两种搜索计划的方式，一个是（）搜索，而另一个是后向状态空间搜索。

56Markov Decision Process (MDP) is a （） process, means action outcomes depend only on the current state马可夫决策过程（MDP）是一种（）过程，意味着动作结果仅仅依赖于当前状态。

57There are two optimal policies for Dynamic Programming, one is （）, and the other is policy iteration动态规划有两种优化策略，一个是（），而另一种是策略迭代。

58Which of the following is used to discover general facts from training examples?下列中哪个用于从训练样本中发现一般的事实？

59There is a set of Web pages identified as interested or uninterested for the user that can be used to solve Web pages filtering problem by machine learning, select which of the following element/feature is the formal definition for those Web pages有一组供用户标

60Which of the following is used for learned features?以下哪一个是可用于从图像中识别视觉模式的深度神经网络？

61Select the following true algorithms (methods) which have been invented in machine learning?选择下列哪些是机器学习中发明的算法（方法）？

62Select the following true parties regarding the three parties of machine learning选择如下哪些派别是有关机器学习的三个派别？

63Select the following true phrases regarding the tasks that have been solved by machine learning选择下列哪些属于可以通过机器学习解决的任务。

64Select the following true phrases regarding the typical paradigms in machine learning选择下列哪些是典型的机器学习范式。

65Machine learning is a （） of artificial intelligence, concerns the construction and study of systems that can learn from data机器学习是人工智能的一个（），从事构建和研究可以从数据中学习的系统。

66智慧树知到《人工智能原理与技术》章节测试答案

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68某高校王老师下学期负责讲授《人工智能原理》这门课，已知北京大学的这门课被评为国家级精品课程，想要查找下载这门课的课件作为自己授课的参考。如果通过搜索引擎查找，首选的检索表达式是（）。