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109823管理咨询人员在委托者提出要求的基础上，需要深入对象组织，与对象组织的管理人员密切结合，应用科学的方法，进行“调查-分析-诊断”并“对症下药”。下面的管理咨询方法排序正确的选项是①找出对象组织存在的主要问题②查出存在问题的原因③提出切实可行的改善方案④指导实施方案⑤进行定量和确有论据的定性分析⑥培训对象组织的成员（）

109824以下管理学大师中有一位特别重视管理实践。《哈佛商业评论》这样评论他——“只要一提到他的名字，在企业的丛林中就会有无数双耳朵竖起来倾听。”这位蜚声世界的管理咨询大师是（）

109825咨询师为什么往往能够帮助对象企业突破管理困境（）

109826企业在什么情况下可能寻求管理咨询师的帮助（）

109827企业寻求管理咨询可获得的三大好处包括（）

109828咨询公司可以为对象组织导入的负熵流，其表现形式包括：（）

109829导入负熵流的最终目的是（）

109830下列哪些是引起组织熵增的外部因素（）

109831企业医生的作用包括（）

1098321998年8月到2003年上半年，IBM对华为的咨询项目主要聚焦于在哪几个领域（）

109833下列那一项不是负熵对对象系统的使能作用（）

109834咨询项目合作应注意（），以快速给对象组织留下好印象。（）

109835ISC的涵义是（）

109836IPD指的是（）

109837According to the Relevance Theory, all Gricean maxims, including the CP itself, can be reduced to a single principle of relevance.

109838It is J. Austin who first put forward the idea of conversational implicature.

109839According to the conversational maxim of manner suggested by Grice, one should speak truthfully.

109840Which of the following is not a characteristic of conversational implicature?

109841Grice introduced the following categories of maxims to specify the CP further, except（）.

109842X: Shall we get something for the kids?Y: Yes. But I veto I-C-E C-R-E-A-M.Y’s answer violates maxim of（）.

109843The husband coming into the kitchen in reaction to the wife’s utterance in the living room “The kettIe is boiling” is the（）act of the wife’s utterance.

109844What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether（）is considered in the study of meaning.

109845According to Grice,（）refers to the extra meaning not contained in the utterance, understandable to the listener only when he shares the speaker’s knowledge or he knows why and how he violates intentionally one of the four maxims of the CP.

109846When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted,（）might arise.

109847Conversational implicature is a part of（）.

109848（）noticed that in daily conversations people do not usually say things directly but tend to imply them.

109849The theory of conversational implicature is proposed by Oxford philosopher（）.

109850（）is the principle suggested by Grice about the regularity in conversation, which reads “Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are

109851In specifying the maxism of manner in his CP theory, Grice mentioned all the following except（）.

109852Grice introduced the following categories of maxims to specify the CP further except（）.

109853According to the conversational maxim of（）suggested by Grice, one should speak truthfully.

109854（）is advanced by Paul Grice.

109855X: Shall we get something for the kids?Y: Yes. But I veto C-A-N-D-Y. Y’s answer violates maxim of（）.

109856（）concerns the consequential effects of a locution upon the hearer. By telling somebody something the speaker may change the opinion of the hearer on something, or mislead him, or surprise him, or induce him to do something, etc. Whether or not these effe

109857When somebody says “morning!”, we can ask a question like “What did he do?”. And the answer could be that he produced a sound, word or sentence. The act performed in this sense is called a（）act.

109858The speech Act theory is developed by（）.

109859The Speech Act theory is the study of（）.

109860（）first proposed the Speech Act Theory.

109861The husband coming into the kitchen is a reaction to the（）act of the wife’s utterance in the living room “The kettIe is boiling.”

109862What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.

109863Utterances always take the form of complete sentences.

109864The meaning of an utterance is decontexualized, therefore stable.

109865The meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-dependent.

109866Contextualism is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or reduce meaning to observable contexts.

109867What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning（）is considered.

109868A sentence is a（）concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.

109869If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes a(n)（）.

109870We shall know a word by the company it keeps. This statement represents（）.

109871Componential analysis is based on the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features or properties.

109872In English as in any language the number of words is larger than the number of meanings.

109873Fruit is the hyponym of words like banana, apple, or orange.

109874Hyponymy refers to the relationship held between general and specific words.

109875Sense and reference are two different aspects of semantics, the former dealing with the semantic structure of language and the latter dealing with the meaning in terms of our experience outside language.

109876Partial synonyms may differ in the following aspects except（）.

109877“Yellow” has different meanings to Chinese or to western people; that is its（）.

109878From a functional approach, the（）meaning of a language use refers to the expression of feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.

109879In grammatical analysis, the sentence is taken to be the basic unit, but in semantic analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is predication, which is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence.

109880“It is hot.” is a no-place predication because it contains no argument.

109881The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.

109882Relation between propositions by which A presupposes B, if for A to have a truth value, B must be true is called（）.

109883“Semantics is the scientific study of meaning” is a（）.

109884“Can I borrow your bike?”（）“You have a bike.”

109885X: He has been to France.Y: He has been to Europe.The relationship of X and Y is（）.

109886What semantic relation do the following sentences have?a. My daughter likes reading.b. I have a daughter.

109887（）is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning. This approach is based on the belief that meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features or properties.

109888When a child uses “mummy” to refer to any woman, most probably his “mummy” means（）.

109889The verb “take” can be analyzed in the following way according to componential analysis.

109890（）refers to the fact that the same one word may have more than one meaning. A word having more than one meaning is called polysemic word.

109891Radiation is a semantic Process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts, like the links of a chain, until there is no connection between the sense that is finally developed and the primary meaning.

109892Semantically, concatenation is the process in which the primary or central meaning stands at the center while secondary meanings radiate from it in every direction like rays.

109893Radiation and concatenation are processes leading to polysemy.

109894In English as in any language the number of meanings is larger than the number of words.

109895There are（）processes leading to polysemy.

109896Of the three ways to express new ideas, new processes, new products, the simplest one is to（）.

109897（）means that one single word has two or more senses at the same time.

109898The word polysemy is of（）rigin (Gk polys, much + sema, meaning).

109899Homonymy can be divided into three types.

109900The word “bow” can be used as noun and verb, so “bow”(as noun) and “bow” (as verb) are homographs.

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